Evaluation of Land Degradation Neutrality in Inner Mongolia Combined with Ecosystem Services

Currently, the internationally recognized land degradation neutrality (LDN) effort is evaluated using three indicators: use/cover, productivity, and carbon stocks. However, these indicators may not completely capture factors influencing LDN, some evaluation rules are in line with restoration goals of China. Therefore, this study introduces ecosystem service value (ESV) indicator, assesses differences connotation methods between ESV puts forward an rule that integrates their advantages, so as to carry out LDN Inner Mongolia. The conclusions follows: (a) ESVs Mongolia Autonomous Region 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020 were USD 287.49, 286.04, 285.72, 286.38, 287.90 billion, respectively, which presents a slight trend decrease then increase over time. (b) modified mainly includes following changes LUCC rule: (1) original cropland grassland considered restoration, (2) water bodies participate transformation use types, (3) transformed secondary types added. net primary productivity (NPP) soil organic (SOC) still follow method formulated by United Nations Convention Combat Desertification (UNCCD). (c) proportion degraded, stable, restored area within 11.31%, 77.34%, 11.35%, respectively. greater than degraded land, indicates has been achieved according evaluation. areas degradation, stability, for NPP accounted 0.10%, 40.52%, 59.38% total area, being much larger area. SOC 13.06%, 74.82%, 12.11% was slightly (d) results showed proportions 21.80%, 27.25%, 50.96%, From results, it clear target. Compared UNCCD, implementing rule, increased 2.44%, stable decreased 1.52%, 0.92%. In future, should strengthen implementation series ecological projects obtain benefits.